[wix-devs] Discussion on fix Issue SqlExtension Incompatible with TLS 1.2 #5543

Rajeev Bansal (WSSC) rajeev.bansal at microsoft.com
Tue Mar 13 23:54:03 PDT 2018


Hi Bob,

Please find the attach .cpp file. Now I have removed the requirement of inclusion of sqlncli.h file and defined the macros etc (defined in sqlncli.h file) in the above .cpp file only.
So now the code changes for fixing the SqlExtension Incompatible with TLS 1.2 are in only one file, sqlutil.cpp file.

Documentation:
ExecuteSqlStrings  uses SQLOLEDB to connect to DB, but SQLOLEDB does not have TLS1.2 support, so it gets failed.
The fix is to use SQL native Client  to connect to DB as SQL native Client has TLS1.2 support.

Scenarios:
1. On Non-TLS1.2 enforced systems (here there is NO requirement to have SQL native Client installed on the system)
	a.  	If the SQL native Client is installed on the system, then CoCreateInstance() call with SQLNCLI_CLSID will get pass.
	b.	If the SQL native Client is NOT installed on the system, then CoCreateInstance() call with SQLNCLI_CLSID will get fail, and then CoCreateInstance() call would be made with  SQLOLEDB (Old behavior), and hence it will be able to connect to DB and hence will succeed.

2. On TLS1.2 enforced systems (here there is requirement to have SQL native Client installed on the system)
	a.  	If the SQL native Client is installed on the system, then CoCreateInstance() call with SQLNCLI_CLSID will get pass.
	b. 	If the SQL native Client is NOT installed on the system, then CoCreateInstance() call with SQLNCLI_CLSID will get fail, and then CoCreateInstance() call would be made with  SQLOLEDB (Old behavior), and hence it will not be able to connect to DB and hence will fail.

Please let me know in case any more info is required on it.

Thanks,
Rajeev
-----Original Message-----
From: Bob Arnson <bob at firegiant.com> 
Sent: Tuesday, March 13, 2018 9:06 PM
To: WiX Toolset Developer Mailing List <wix-devs at lists.wixtoolset.org>
Cc: Rajeev Bansal (WSSC) <Rajeev.Bansal at microsoft.com>
Subject: RE: Discussion on fix Issue SqlExtension Incompatible with TLS 1.2 #5543

1. Need to document the change for WixSqlExtension.
2. Rather than include sqlncli.h, can we use the progid? sqlncli.h is not marked redistributable, though it's just MIDL-generated.

-----Original Message-----
From: wix-devs <wix-devs-bounces at lists.wixtoolset.org> On Behalf Of Rajeev Bansal (WSSC) via wix-devs
Sent: Wednesday, 7 March, 2018 22:45
To: wix-devs at lists.wixtoolset.org
Cc: Rajeev Bansal (WSSC) <rajeev.bansal at microsoft.com>
Subject: Re: [wix-devs] Discussion on fix Issue SqlExtension Incompatible with TLS 1.2 #5543

I posted this yesterday, but seems blocked due to size.
Trying without attachment.

Thanks,
Rajeev

From: Rajeev Bansal (WSSC)
Sent: Wednesday, March 7, 2018 9:48 AM
To: 'wix-devs at lists.wixtoolset.org' <wix-devs at lists.wixtoolset.org>
Subject: Discussion on fix Issue SqlExtension Incompatible with TLS 1.2 #5543

Hi,

For the issue: https://na01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fwixtoolset%2Fissues%2Fissues%2F5543&data=04%7C01%7Crajeev.bansal%40microsoft.com%7Cddc40de7eabc476c5db708d588f81603%7C72f988bf86f141af91ab2d7cd011db47%7C1%7C0%7C636565521486504808%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwifQ%3D%3D%7C-1&sdata=KfXFwTNW2EMOX9ppCZmCnsaoFNkOeUwZYF3yUT3Wzc8%3D&reserved=0   SqlExtension Incompatible with TLS 1.2 #5543
Here is the overview of how I am planning to fix it.

Root Cause and Fix
SQLOLEDB does not have TLS1.2 support, so need to use SQL native Client for it.


In the SqlConnectDatabase() API in file ..\wix3\src\libs\dutil\sqlutil.cpp

CoCreateInstance is being called with CLSID_SQLOLEDB as the first argument.
                                hr = ::CoCreateInstance(CLSID_SQLOLEDB, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,  IID_IDBInitialize, (LPVOID*)&pidbInitialize);

Fix would be to call it with SQLNCLI_CLSID and if that fails, then as a fallback call with CLSID_SQLOLEDB.

OLD CODE:
                //obtain access to the SQLOLEDB provider
                hr = ::CoCreateInstance(SQLNCLI_CLSID, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,
                                IID_IDBInitialize, (LPVOID*)&pidbInitialize);
                ExitOnFailure(hr, "failed to create IID_IDBInitialize object");

NEW CODE:
                //obtain access to the SQLOLEDB provider
                hr = ::CoCreateInstance(SQLNCLI_CLSID, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,
                                IID_IDBInitialize, (LPVOID*)&pidbInitialize);

                if (FAILED(hr))
                {
                hr = ::CoCreateInstance(CLSID_SQLOLEDB, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,
                                                IID_IDBInitialize, (LPVOID*)&pidbInitialize);
                }
                ExitOnFailure(hr, "failed to create IID_IDBInitialize object");


Other related changes:
1. SQLNCLI.h file has to be copied to ...\wix3\src\libs\dutil\inc folder 2. SQLNCLI.h has to be included in the ....\wix3\src\libs\dutil\dutil.vcxproj
3. SQLNCLI.h has to be included in the ....\wix3\src\ext\ca\serverca\scasched\precomp.h
4. SQLNCLI.h has to be included in the ....\wix3\src\libs\dutil\inc\sqlutil.h
5. #define _SQLNCLI_OLEDB_IGNORE_DEPRECATION_WARNING_ needs to be defined in file ..\wix3\src\libs\dutil\sqlutil.cpp

                Attached is the header file that needs to be added to project.

Please let me know your thoughts on it.

Thanks,
Rajeev

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-------------- next part --------------
// Copyright (c) .NET Foundation and contributors. All rights reserved. Licensed under the Microsoft Reciprocal License. See LICENSE.TXT file in the project root for full license information.

#include "precomp.h"

// okay, this may look a little weird, but sqlutil.h cannot be in the 
// pre-compiled header because we need to #define these things so the
// correct GUID's get pulled into this object file
#include <initguid.h>
#define DBINITCONSTANTS
#define _SQLNCLI_OLEDB_IGNORE_DEPRECATION_WARNING_
#include "sqlutil.h"

#if !defined(SQLNCLI_VER)
#define SQLNCLI_VER 1100
#endif

#if SQLNCLI_VER >= 1100
#if defined(_SQLNCLI_OLEDB_) || !defined(_SQLNCLI_ODBC_)
#define SQLNCLI_CLSID                           CLSID_SQLNCLI11
#endif // defined(_SQLNCLI_OLEDB_) || !defined(_SQLNCLI_ODBC_)
#elif SQLNCLI_VER >= 1000
#if defined(_SQLNCLI_OLEDB_) || !defined(_SQLNCLI_ODBC_)
#define SQLNCLI_CLSID                           CLSID_SQLNCLI10
#endif // defined(_SQLNCLI_OLEDB_) || !defined(_SQLNCLI_ODBC_)
#else
#if defined(_SQLNCLI_OLEDB_) || !defined(_SQLNCLI_ODBC_)
#define SQLNCLI_CLSID                           CLSID_SQLNCLI
#endif  // defined(_SQLNCLI_OLEDB_) || !defined(_SQLNCLI_ODBC_)
#endif  // SQLNCLI_VER >= 1100


#ifndef _SQLNCLI_OLEDB_IGNORE_DEPRECATION_WARNING_
#define _SQLNCLI_OLEDB_DEPRECATE_WARNING __declspec(deprecated("The SQL Server Native Client OLEDB provider is deprecated and will be removed in a future release of SQL Server Native Client. To disable this warning, define the following symbol in your application: _SQLNCLI_OLEDB_IGNORE_DEPRECATION_WARNING_"))
#else
#define _SQLNCLI_OLEDB_DEPRECATE_WARNING
#endif

#if SQLNCLI_VER >= 1100
extern const GUID OLEDBDECLSPEC _SQLNCLI_OLEDB_DEPRECATE_WARNING CLSID_SQLNCLI11 = { 0x397C2819L,0x8272,0x4532,{ 0xAD,0x3A,0xFB,0x5E,0x43,0xBE,0xAA,0x39 } };
#endif

#if SQLNCLI_VER >= 1000
extern const GUID OLEDBDECLSPEC _SQLNCLI_OLEDB_DEPRECATE_WARNING CLSID_SQLNCLI10 = { 0x8F4A6B68L,0x4F36,0x4e3c,{ 0xBE,0x81,0xBC,0x7C,0xA4,0xE9,0xC4,0x5C } };
#endif

extern const GUID OLEDBDECLSPEC _SQLNCLI_OLEDB_DEPRECATE_WARNING CLSID_SQLNCLI = { 0x85ecafccL,0xbdd9,0x4b03,{ 0x97,0xa8,0xfa,0x65,0xcb,0xe3,0x85,0x9b } };




// private prototypes
static HRESULT FileSpecToString(
    __in const SQL_FILESPEC* psf,
    __out LPWSTR* ppwz
    );

static HRESULT EscapeSqlIdentifier(
    __in_z LPCWSTR wzDatabase,
    __deref_out_z LPWSTR* ppwz
    );


/********************************************************************
 SqlConnectDatabase - establishes a connection to a database

 NOTE: wzInstance is optional
       if fIntegratedAuth is set then wzUser and wzPassword are ignored
********************************************************************/
extern "C" HRESULT DAPI SqlConnectDatabase(
    __in_z LPCWSTR wzServer,
    __in_z LPCWSTR wzInstance,
    __in_z LPCWSTR wzDatabase,
    __in BOOL fIntegratedAuth,
    __in_z LPCWSTR wzUser,
    __in_z LPCWSTR wzPassword,
    __out IDBCreateSession** ppidbSession
    )
{
    Assert(wzServer && wzDatabase && *wzDatabase && ppidbSession);

    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
    IDBInitialize* pidbInitialize = NULL;
    IDBProperties* pidbProperties = NULL;

    LPWSTR pwzServerInstance = NULL;
    DBPROP rgdbpInit[4];
    DBPROPSET rgdbpsetInit[1];
    ULONG cProperties = 0;

    memset(rgdbpInit, 0, sizeof(rgdbpInit));
    memset(rgdbpsetInit, 0, sizeof(rgdbpsetInit));

    //obtain access to the SQLOLEDB provider
    hr = ::CoCreateInstance(SQLNCLI_CLSID, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,
                            IID_IDBInitialize, (LPVOID*)&pidbInitialize);
	if (FAILED(hr))
	{
		hr = ::CoCreateInstance(CLSID_SQLOLEDB, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,
				IID_IDBInitialize, (LPVOID*)&pidbInitialize);
	}
    ExitOnFailure(hr, "failed to create IID_IDBInitialize object");

    // if there is an instance
    if (wzInstance && *wzInstance)
    {
        hr = StrAllocFormatted(&pwzServerInstance, L"%s\\%s", wzServer, wzInstance);
    }
    else
    {
        hr = StrAllocString(&pwzServerInstance, wzServer, 0);
    }
    ExitOnFailure(hr, "failed to allocate memory for the server instance");

    // server[\instance]
    rgdbpInit[cProperties].dwPropertyID = DBPROP_INIT_DATASOURCE;
    rgdbpInit[cProperties].dwOptions = DBPROPOPTIONS_REQUIRED;
    rgdbpInit[cProperties].colid = DB_NULLID;
    ::VariantInit(&rgdbpInit[cProperties].vValue);
    rgdbpInit[cProperties].vValue.vt = VT_BSTR;
    rgdbpInit[cProperties].vValue.bstrVal = ::SysAllocString(pwzServerInstance);
    ++cProperties;

    // database
    rgdbpInit[cProperties].dwPropertyID = DBPROP_INIT_CATALOG;
    rgdbpInit[cProperties].dwOptions = DBPROPOPTIONS_REQUIRED;
    rgdbpInit[cProperties].colid = DB_NULLID;
    ::VariantInit(&rgdbpInit[cProperties].vValue);
    rgdbpInit[cProperties].vValue.vt = VT_BSTR;
    rgdbpInit[cProperties].vValue.bstrVal= ::SysAllocString(wzDatabase);
    ++cProperties;

    if (fIntegratedAuth)
    {
        // username
        rgdbpInit[cProperties].dwPropertyID = DBPROP_AUTH_INTEGRATED; 
        rgdbpInit[cProperties].dwOptions = DBPROPOPTIONS_REQUIRED;
        rgdbpInit[cProperties].colid = DB_NULLID;
        ::VariantInit(&rgdbpInit[cProperties].vValue);
        rgdbpInit[cProperties].vValue.vt = VT_BSTR;
        rgdbpInit[cProperties].vValue.bstrVal = ::SysAllocString(L"SSPI");   // default windows authentication
        ++cProperties;
    }
    else
    {
        // username
        rgdbpInit[cProperties].dwPropertyID = DBPROP_AUTH_USERID; 
        rgdbpInit[cProperties].dwOptions = DBPROPOPTIONS_REQUIRED;
        rgdbpInit[cProperties].colid = DB_NULLID;
        ::VariantInit(&rgdbpInit[cProperties].vValue);
        rgdbpInit[cProperties].vValue.vt = VT_BSTR;
        rgdbpInit[cProperties].vValue.bstrVal = ::SysAllocString(wzUser);
        ++cProperties;

        // password
        rgdbpInit[cProperties].dwPropertyID = DBPROP_AUTH_PASSWORD;
        rgdbpInit[cProperties].dwOptions = DBPROPOPTIONS_REQUIRED;
        rgdbpInit[cProperties].colid = DB_NULLID;
        ::VariantInit(&rgdbpInit[cProperties].vValue);
        rgdbpInit[cProperties].vValue.vt = VT_BSTR;
        rgdbpInit[cProperties].vValue.bstrVal = ::SysAllocString(wzPassword);
        ++cProperties;
    }

    // put the properties into a set
    rgdbpsetInit[0].guidPropertySet = DBPROPSET_DBINIT;
    rgdbpsetInit[0].rgProperties = rgdbpInit;
    rgdbpsetInit[0].cProperties = cProperties;

    // create and set the property set
    hr = pidbInitialize->QueryInterface(IID_IDBProperties, (LPVOID*)&pidbProperties);
    ExitOnFailure(hr, "failed to get IID_IDBProperties object");
    hr = pidbProperties->SetProperties(1, rgdbpsetInit); 
    ExitOnFailure(hr, "failed to set properties");

    //initialize connection to datasource
    hr = pidbInitialize->Initialize();
    ExitOnFailure1(hr, "failed to initialize connection to database: %ls", wzDatabase);

    hr = pidbInitialize->QueryInterface(IID_IDBCreateSession, (LPVOID*)ppidbSession);

LExit:
    for (; 0 < cProperties; cProperties--)
    {
        ::VariantClear(&rgdbpInit[cProperties - 1].vValue);
    }

    ReleaseObject(pidbProperties);
    ReleaseObject(pidbInitialize);
    ReleaseStr(pwzServerInstance);

    return hr;
}


/********************************************************************
 SqlStartTransaction - Starts a new transaction that must be ended

*********************************************************************/
extern "C" HRESULT DAPI SqlStartTransaction(
    __in IDBCreateSession* pidbSession,
    __out IDBCreateCommand** ppidbCommand,
    __out ITransaction** ppit
    )
{
    Assert(pidbSession && ppit);

    HRESULT hr = S_OK;

    hr = pidbSession->CreateSession(NULL, IID_IDBCreateCommand, (IUnknown**)ppidbCommand);
    ExitOnFailure(hr, "unable to create command from session");

    hr = (*ppidbCommand)->QueryInterface(IID_ITransactionLocal, (LPVOID*)ppit);
    ExitOnFailure(hr, "Unable to QueryInterface session to get ITransactionLocal");

    hr = ((ITransactionLocal*)*ppit)->StartTransaction(ISOLATIONLEVEL_SERIALIZABLE, 0, NULL, NULL);

LExit:

    return hr;
}

/********************************************************************
 SqlEndTransaction - Ends the transaction

 NOTE: if fCommit, will commit the transaction, otherwise rolls back
*********************************************************************/
extern "C" HRESULT DAPI SqlEndTransaction(
    __in ITransaction* pit,
    __in BOOL fCommit
    )
{
    Assert(pit);

    HRESULT hr = S_OK;

    if (fCommit)
    {
        hr = pit->Commit(FALSE, XACTTC_SYNC, 0);
        ExitOnFailure(hr, "commit of transaction failed");
    }
    else
    {
        hr = pit->Abort(NULL, FALSE, FALSE);
        ExitOnFailure(hr, "abort of transaction failed");
    }

LExit:

    return hr;
}


/********************************************************************
 SqlDatabaseExists - determines if database exists

 NOTE: wzInstance is optional
       if fIntegratedAuth is set then wzUser and wzPassword are ignored
       returns S_OK if database exist
       returns S_FALSE if database does not exist
       returns E_* on error
********************************************************************/
extern "C" HRESULT DAPI SqlDatabaseExists(
    __in_z LPCWSTR wzServer,
    __in_z LPCWSTR wzInstance,
    __in_z LPCWSTR wzDatabase,
    __in BOOL fIntegratedAuth,
    __in_z LPCWSTR wzUser,
    __in_z LPCWSTR wzPassword,
    __out_opt BSTR* pbstrErrorDescription
    )
{
    Assert(wzServer && wzDatabase && *wzDatabase);

    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
    IDBCreateSession* pidbSession = NULL;

    hr = SqlConnectDatabase(wzServer, wzInstance, L"master", fIntegratedAuth, wzUser, wzPassword, &pidbSession);
    ExitOnFailure1(hr, "failed to connect to 'master' database on server %ls", wzServer);

    hr = SqlSessionDatabaseExists(pidbSession, wzDatabase, pbstrErrorDescription);

LExit:
    ReleaseObject(pidbSession);

    return hr;
}


/********************************************************************
 SqlSessionDatabaseExists - determines if database exists

 NOTE: pidbSession must be connected to master database
       returns S_OK if database exist
       returns S_FALSE if database does not exist
       returns E_* on error
********************************************************************/
extern "C" HRESULT DAPI SqlSessionDatabaseExists(
    __in IDBCreateSession* pidbSession,
    __in_z LPCWSTR wzDatabase,
    __out_opt BSTR* pbstrErrorDescription
    )
{
    Assert(pidbSession && wzDatabase && *wzDatabase);

    HRESULT hr = S_OK;

    LPWSTR pwzQuery = NULL;
    IRowset* pirs = NULL;

    DBCOUNTITEM cRows = 0;
    HROW rghRows[1];
    HROW* prow = rghRows;

    //
    // query to see if the database exists
    //
    hr = StrAllocFormatted(&pwzQuery, L"SELECT name FROM sysdatabases WHERE name='%s'", wzDatabase);
    ExitOnFailure(hr, "failed to allocate query string to ensure database exists");

    hr = SqlSessionExecuteQuery(pidbSession, pwzQuery, &pirs, NULL, pbstrErrorDescription);
    ExitOnFailure(hr, "failed to get database list from 'master' database");
    Assert(pirs);

    //
    // check to see if the database was returned
    //
    hr = pirs->GetNextRows(DB_NULL_HCHAPTER, 0, 1, &cRows, &prow);
    ExitOnFailure(hr, "failed to get row with database name");

    // succeeded but no database
    if ((DB_S_ENDOFROWSET == hr) || (0 == cRows))
    {
        hr = S_FALSE;
    }

LExit:
    ReleaseObject(pirs);
    ReleaseStr(pwzQuery);

    return hr;
}


/********************************************************************
 SqlDatabaseEnsureExists - creates a database if it does not exist

 NOTE: wzInstance is optional
       if fIntegratedAuth is set then wzUser and wzPassword are ignored
********************************************************************/
extern "C" HRESULT DAPI SqlDatabaseEnsureExists(
    __in_z LPCWSTR wzServer, 
    __in_z LPCWSTR wzInstance, 
    __in_z LPCWSTR wzDatabase, 
    __in BOOL fIntegratedAuth, 
    __in_z LPCWSTR wzUser, 
    __in_z LPCWSTR wzPassword,
    __in_opt const SQL_FILESPEC* psfDatabase,
    __in_opt const SQL_FILESPEC* psfLog,
    __out_opt BSTR* pbstrErrorDescription
    )
{
    Assert(wzServer && wzDatabase && *wzDatabase);

    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
    IDBCreateSession* pidbSession = NULL;

    //
    // connect to the master database to create the new database
    //
    hr = SqlConnectDatabase(wzServer, wzInstance, L"master", fIntegratedAuth, wzUser, wzPassword, &pidbSession);
    ExitOnFailure1(hr, "failed to connect to 'master' database on server %ls", wzServer);

    hr = SqlSessionDatabaseEnsureExists(pidbSession, wzDatabase, psfDatabase, psfLog, pbstrErrorDescription);
    ExitOnFailure1(hr, "failed to create database: %ls", wzDatabase);

    Assert(S_OK == hr);
LExit:
    ReleaseObject(pidbSession);

    return hr;
}


/********************************************************************
 SqlSessionDatabaseEnsureExists - creates a database if it does not exist

 NOTE: pidbSession must be connected to the master database
********************************************************************/
extern "C" HRESULT DAPI SqlSessionDatabaseEnsureExists(
    __in IDBCreateSession* pidbSession,
    __in_z LPCWSTR wzDatabase,
    __in_opt const SQL_FILESPEC* psfDatabase,
    __in_opt const SQL_FILESPEC* psfLog,
    __out_opt BSTR* pbstrErrorDescription
    )
{
    Assert(pidbSession && wzDatabase && *wzDatabase);

    HRESULT hr = S_OK;

    hr = SqlSessionDatabaseExists(pidbSession, wzDatabase, pbstrErrorDescription);
    ExitOnFailure1(hr, "failed to determine if exists, database: %ls", wzDatabase);

    if (S_FALSE == hr)
    {
        hr = SqlSessionCreateDatabase(pidbSession, wzDatabase, psfDatabase, psfLog, pbstrErrorDescription);
        ExitOnFailure1(hr, "failed to create database: %1", wzDatabase);
    }
    // else database already exists, return S_FALSE

    Assert(S_OK == hr);
LExit:

    return hr;
}


/********************************************************************
 SqlCreateDatabase - creates a database on the server

 NOTE: wzInstance is optional
       if fIntegratedAuth is set then wzUser and wzPassword are ignored
********************************************************************/
extern "C" HRESULT DAPI SqlCreateDatabase(
    __in_z LPCWSTR wzServer,
    __in_z LPCWSTR wzInstance,
    __in_z LPCWSTR wzDatabase,
    __in BOOL fIntegratedAuth,
    __in_z LPCWSTR wzUser,
    __in_z LPCWSTR wzPassword,
    __in_opt const SQL_FILESPEC* psfDatabase,
    __in_opt const SQL_FILESPEC* psfLog,
    __out_opt BSTR* pbstrErrorDescription
    )
{
    Assert(wzServer && wzDatabase && *wzDatabase);

    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
    IDBCreateSession* pidbSession = NULL;

    //
    // connect to the master database to create the new database
    //
    hr = SqlConnectDatabase(wzServer, wzInstance, L"master", fIntegratedAuth, wzUser, wzPassword, &pidbSession);
    ExitOnFailure1(hr, "failed to connect to 'master' database on server %ls", wzServer);

    hr = SqlSessionCreateDatabase(pidbSession, wzDatabase, psfDatabase, psfLog, pbstrErrorDescription);
    ExitOnFailure1(hr, "failed to create database: %ls", wzDatabase);

    Assert(S_OK == hr);
LExit:
    ReleaseObject(pidbSession);

    return hr;
}


/********************************************************************
 SqlSessionCreateDatabase - creates a database on the server

 NOTE: pidbSession must be connected to the master database
********************************************************************/
extern "C" HRESULT DAPI SqlSessionCreateDatabase(
    __in IDBCreateSession* pidbSession,
    __in_z LPCWSTR wzDatabase,
    __in_opt const SQL_FILESPEC* psfDatabase,
    __in_opt const SQL_FILESPEC* psfLog,
    __out_opt BSTR* pbstrErrorDescription
    )
{
    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
    LPWSTR pwzDbFile = NULL;
    LPWSTR pwzLogFile = NULL;
    LPWSTR pwzQuery = NULL;
    LPWSTR pwzDatabaseEscaped = NULL;

    if (psfDatabase)
    {
        hr = FileSpecToString(psfDatabase, &pwzDbFile);
        ExitOnFailure(hr, "failed to convert db filespec to string");
    }

    if (psfLog)
    {
        hr = FileSpecToString(psfLog, &pwzLogFile);
        ExitOnFailure(hr, "failed to convert log filespec to string");
    }

    hr = EscapeSqlIdentifier(wzDatabase, &pwzDatabaseEscaped);
    ExitOnFailure(hr, "failed to escape database string");

    hr = StrAllocFormatted(&pwzQuery, L"CREATE DATABASE %s %s%s %s%s", pwzDatabaseEscaped, pwzDbFile ? L"ON " : L"", pwzDbFile ? pwzDbFile : L"", pwzLogFile ? L"LOG ON " : L"", pwzLogFile ? pwzLogFile : L"");
    ExitOnFailure1(hr, "failed to allocate query to create database: %ls", pwzDatabaseEscaped);    

    hr = SqlSessionExecuteQuery(pidbSession, pwzQuery, NULL, NULL, pbstrErrorDescription);
    ExitOnFailure2(hr, "failed to create database: %ls, Query: %ls", pwzDatabaseEscaped, pwzQuery);

LExit:
    ReleaseStr(pwzQuery);
    ReleaseStr(pwzLogFile);
    ReleaseStr(pwzDbFile);
    ReleaseStr(pwzDatabaseEscaped);

    return hr;
}


/********************************************************************
 SqlDropDatabase - removes a database from a server if it exists

 NOTE: wzInstance is optional
       if fIntegratedAuth is set then wzUser and wzPassword are ignored
********************************************************************/
extern "C" HRESULT DAPI SqlDropDatabase(
    __in_z LPCWSTR wzServer,
    __in_z LPCWSTR wzInstance,
    __in_z LPCWSTR wzDatabase,
    __in BOOL fIntegratedAuth,
    __in_z LPCWSTR wzUser,
    __in_z LPCWSTR wzPassword,
    __out_opt BSTR* pbstrErrorDescription
    )
{
    Assert(wzServer && wzDatabase && *wzDatabase);

    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
    IDBCreateSession* pidbSession = NULL;

    //
    // connect to the master database to search for wzDatabase
    //
    hr = SqlConnectDatabase(wzServer, wzInstance, L"master", fIntegratedAuth, wzUser, wzPassword, &pidbSession);
    ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to connect to 'master' database");

    hr = SqlSessionDropDatabase(pidbSession, wzDatabase, pbstrErrorDescription);

LExit:
    ReleaseObject(pidbSession);

    return hr;
}


/********************************************************************
 SqlSessionDropDatabase - removes a database from a server if it exists

 NOTE: pidbSession must be connected to the master database
********************************************************************/
extern "C" HRESULT DAPI SqlSessionDropDatabase(
    __in IDBCreateSession* pidbSession,
    __in_z LPCWSTR wzDatabase,
    __out_opt BSTR* pbstrErrorDescription
    )
{
    Assert(pidbSession && wzDatabase && *wzDatabase);

    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
    LPWSTR pwzQuery = NULL;
    LPWSTR pwzDatabaseEscaped = NULL;

    hr = SqlSessionDatabaseExists(pidbSession, wzDatabase, pbstrErrorDescription);
    ExitOnFailure1(hr, "failed to determine if exists, database: %ls", wzDatabase);
    
    hr = EscapeSqlIdentifier(wzDatabase, &pwzDatabaseEscaped);
    ExitOnFailure(hr, "failed to escape database string");

    if (S_OK == hr)
    {
        hr = StrAllocFormatted(&pwzQuery, L"DROP DATABASE %s", pwzDatabaseEscaped);
        ExitOnFailure1(hr, "failed to allocate query to drop database: %ls", pwzDatabaseEscaped);

        hr = SqlSessionExecuteQuery(pidbSession, pwzQuery, NULL, NULL, pbstrErrorDescription);
        ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to drop database");
    }

LExit:
    ReleaseStr(pwzQuery);
    ReleaseStr(pwzDatabaseEscaped);

    return hr;
}


/********************************************************************
 SqlSessionExecuteQuery - executes a query and returns the results if desired

 NOTE: ppirs and pcRoes and pbstrErrorDescription are optional
********************************************************************/
extern "C" HRESULT DAPI SqlSessionExecuteQuery(
    __in IDBCreateSession* pidbSession, 
    __in __sql_command LPCWSTR wzSql, 
    __out_opt IRowset** ppirs,
    __out_opt DBROWCOUNT* pcRows,
    __out_opt BSTR* pbstrErrorDescription
    )
{
    Assert(pidbSession);

    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
    IDBCreateCommand* pidbCommand = NULL;
    ICommandText* picmdText = NULL;
    ICommand* picmd = NULL;
    DBROWCOUNT cRows = 0;

    if (pcRows)
    {
        *pcRows = NULL;
    }

    //
    // create the command
    //
    hr = pidbSession->CreateSession(NULL, IID_IDBCreateCommand, (IUnknown**)&pidbCommand);
    ExitOnFailure(hr, "failed to create database session");
    hr = pidbCommand->CreateCommand(NULL, IID_ICommand, (IUnknown**)&picmd);
    ExitOnFailure(hr, "failed to create command to execute session");

    //
    // set the sql text into the command
    //
    hr = picmd->QueryInterface(IID_ICommandText, (LPVOID*)&picmdText);
    ExitOnFailure(hr, "failed to get command text object for command");
    hr = picmdText->SetCommandText(DBGUID_DEFAULT , wzSql);
    ExitOnFailure1(hr, "failed to set SQL string: %ls", wzSql);

    //
    // execute the command
    //
    hr = picmd->Execute(NULL, (ppirs) ? IID_IRowset : IID_NULL, NULL, &cRows, reinterpret_cast<IUnknown**>(ppirs));
    ExitOnFailure1(hr, "failed to execute SQL string: %ls", wzSql);

    if (DB_S_ERRORSOCCURRED == hr)
    {
        hr = E_FAIL;
    }

    if (pcRows)
    {
        *pcRows = cRows;
    }

LExit:

    if (FAILED(hr) && picmd && pbstrErrorDescription)
    {
        HRESULT hrGetErrors = SqlGetErrorInfo(picmd, IID_ICommandText, 0x409, NULL, pbstrErrorDescription); // TODO: use current locale instead of always American-English
        if (FAILED(hrGetErrors))
        {
            ReleaseBSTR(*pbstrErrorDescription);
        }
    }

    ReleaseObject(picmd);
    ReleaseObject(picmdText);
    ReleaseObject(pidbCommand);

    return hr;
}


/********************************************************************
 SqlCommandExecuteQuery - executes a SQL command and returns the results if desired

 NOTE: ppirs and pcRoes are optional
********************************************************************/
extern "C" HRESULT DAPI SqlCommandExecuteQuery(
    __in IDBCreateCommand* pidbCommand, 
    __in __sql_command LPCWSTR wzSql, 
    __out IRowset** ppirs,
    __out DBROWCOUNT* pcRows
    )
{
    Assert(pidbCommand);

    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
    ICommandText* picmdText = NULL;
    ICommand* picmd = NULL;
    DBROWCOUNT cRows = 0;

    if (pcRows)
    {
        *pcRows = NULL;
    }

    //
    // create the command
    //
    hr = pidbCommand->CreateCommand(NULL, IID_ICommand, (IUnknown**)&picmd);
    ExitOnFailure(hr, "failed to create command to execute session");

    //
    // set the sql text into the command
    //
    hr = picmd->QueryInterface(IID_ICommandText, (LPVOID*)&picmdText);
    ExitOnFailure(hr, "failed to get command text object for command");
    hr = picmdText->SetCommandText(DBGUID_DEFAULT , wzSql);
    ExitOnFailure1(hr, "failed to set SQL string: %ls", wzSql);

    //
    // execute the command
    //
    hr = picmd->Execute(NULL, (ppirs) ? IID_IRowset : IID_NULL, NULL, &cRows, reinterpret_cast<IUnknown**>(ppirs));
    ExitOnFailure1(hr, "failed to execute SQL string: %ls", wzSql);

    if (DB_S_ERRORSOCCURRED == hr)
    {
        hr = E_FAIL;
    }

    if (pcRows)
    {
        *pcRows = cRows;
    }

LExit:
    ReleaseObject(picmd);
    ReleaseObject(picmdText);

    return hr;
}


/********************************************************************
 SqlGetErrorInfo - gets error information from the last SQL function call

 NOTE: pbstrErrorSource and pbstrErrorDescription are optional
********************************************************************/
extern "C" HRESULT DAPI SqlGetErrorInfo(
    __in IUnknown* pObjectWithError,
    __in REFIID IID_InterfaceWithError,
    __in DWORD dwLocaleId,
    __out_opt BSTR* pbstrErrorSource,
    __out_opt BSTR* pbstrErrorDescription
    )
{
    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
    Assert(pObjectWithError);

    // interfaces needed to extract error information out
    ISupportErrorInfo* pISupportErrorInfo = NULL;
    IErrorInfo* pIErrorInfoAll = NULL;
    IErrorRecords* pIErrorRecords = NULL;
    IErrorInfo* pIErrorInfoRecord = NULL;

    // only ask for error information if the interface supports it.
    hr = pObjectWithError->QueryInterface(IID_ISupportErrorInfo,(void**)&pISupportErrorInfo);
    ExitOnFailure(hr, "No error information was found for object.");

    hr = pISupportErrorInfo->InterfaceSupportsErrorInfo(IID_InterfaceWithError);
    ExitOnFailure(hr, "InterfaceWithError is not supported for object with error");

    // ignore the return of GetErrorInfo it can succeed and return a NULL pointer in pIErrorInfoAll anyway
    hr = ::GetErrorInfo(0, &pIErrorInfoAll);
    ExitOnFailure(hr, "failed to get error info");

    if (S_OK == hr && pIErrorInfoAll)
    {
        // see if it's a valid OLE DB IErrorInfo interface that exposes a list of records
        hr = pIErrorInfoAll->QueryInterface(IID_IErrorRecords, (void**)&pIErrorRecords);
        if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
        {
            ULONG cErrors = 0;
            pIErrorRecords->GetRecordCount(&cErrors);

            // get the error information for each record
            for (ULONG i = 0; i < cErrors; ++i)
            {
                hr = pIErrorRecords->GetErrorInfo(i, dwLocaleId, &pIErrorInfoRecord);
                if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
                {
                    if (pbstrErrorSource)
                    {
                        pIErrorInfoRecord->GetSource(pbstrErrorSource);
                    }
                    if (pbstrErrorDescription)
                    {
                        pIErrorInfoRecord->GetDescription(pbstrErrorDescription);
                    }

                    ReleaseNullObject(pIErrorInfoRecord);

                    break; // TODO: return more than one error in the future!
                }
            }

            ReleaseNullObject(pIErrorRecords);
        }
        else // we have a simple error record
        {
            if (pbstrErrorSource)
            {
                pIErrorInfoAll->GetSource(pbstrErrorSource);
            }
            if (pbstrErrorDescription)
            {
                pIErrorInfoAll->GetDescription(pbstrErrorDescription);
            }
        }
    }
    else
    {
        hr = E_NOMOREITEMS;
    }

LExit:
    ReleaseObject(pIErrorInfoRecord);
    ReleaseObject(pIErrorRecords);
    ReleaseObject(pIErrorInfoAll);
    ReleaseObject(pISupportErrorInfo);

    return hr;
}


//
// private
//

/********************************************************************
 FileSpecToString

*********************************************************************/
static HRESULT FileSpecToString(
    __in const SQL_FILESPEC* psf,
    __out LPWSTR* ppwz
    )
{
    Assert(psf && ppwz);

    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
    LPWSTR pwz = NULL;

    hr = StrAllocString(&pwz, L"(", 1024);
    ExitOnFailure(hr, "failed to allocate string for database file info");

    ExitOnNull(*psf->wzName, hr, E_INVALIDARG, "logical name not specified in database file info");
    ExitOnNull(*psf->wzFilename, hr, E_INVALIDARG, "filename not specified in database file info");

    hr = StrAllocFormatted(&pwz, L"%sNAME=%s", pwz, psf->wzName);
    ExitOnFailure1(hr, "failed to format database file info name: %ls", psf->wzName);

    hr = StrAllocFormatted(&pwz, L"%s, FILENAME='%s'", pwz, psf->wzFilename);
    ExitOnFailure1(hr, "failed to format database file info filename: %ls", psf->wzFilename);

    if (0 != psf->wzSize[0])
    {
        hr = StrAllocFormatted(&pwz, L"%s, SIZE=%s", pwz, psf->wzSize);
        ExitOnFailure1(hr, "failed to format database file info size: %s", psf->wzSize);
    }

    if (0 != psf->wzMaxSize[0])
    {
        hr = StrAllocFormatted(&pwz, L"%s, MAXSIZE=%s", pwz, psf->wzMaxSize);
        ExitOnFailure1(hr, "failed to format database file info maxsize: %s", psf->wzMaxSize);
    }

    if (0 != psf->wzGrow[0])
    {
        hr = StrAllocFormatted(&pwz, L"%s, FILEGROWTH=%s", pwz, psf->wzGrow);
        ExitOnFailure1(hr, "failed to format database file info growth: %s", psf->wzGrow);
    }

    hr = StrAllocFormatted(&pwz, L"%s)", pwz);
    ExitOnFailure(hr, "failed to allocate string for file spec");

    *ppwz = pwz;
    pwz = NULL;  // null here so it doesn't get freed below

LExit:
    ReleaseStr(pwz);
    return hr;
}

static HRESULT EscapeSqlIdentifier(
    __in_z LPCWSTR wzIdentifier,
    __deref_out_z LPWSTR* ppwz
    )
{
    Assert(ppwz);

    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
    LPWSTR pwz = NULL;

    if (wzIdentifier == NULL)
    {
        //Just ignore a NULL identifier and clear out the result
        ReleaseNullStr(*ppwz);
        ExitFunction();
    }

    int cchIdentifier = lstrlenW(wzIdentifier);

    //If an empty string or already escaped just copy
    if (cchIdentifier == 0 || (wzIdentifier[0] == '[' && wzIdentifier[cchIdentifier-1] == ']'))
    {
        hr = StrAllocString(&pwz, wzIdentifier, 0);
        ExitOnFailure1(hr, "failed to format database name: %ls", wzIdentifier);
    }
    else
    {
        //escape it
        hr = StrAllocFormatted(&pwz, L"[%s]", wzIdentifier);
        ExitOnFailure1(hr, "failed to format escaped database name: %ls", wzIdentifier);
    }

    *ppwz = pwz;
    pwz = NULL;  // null here so it doesn't get freed below

LExit:
    ReleaseStr(pwz);
    return hr;
}


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